1、windwos脚本

rem ******MySQL backup start******
@echo off

:: 地址
set host=[host]
:: 端口号
set port=[port]
:: 用户名
set user=[user]
:: 密码
set pass=[password]
:: 备份数据库名称，多个用空格间隔
set DATABASES=[database1],[database2]
:: 备份文件存储目录
set BACKUP_PATH=[path]
:: mysql的bin路径，如果直接可以使用mysqldump，则不用配置
set MYSQL_HOME=

:: 下面的东西不需要动
set hour=%time:~0,2%
if "%time:~0,1%"==" " set hour=0%time:~1,1%
set now=%Date:~0,4%%Date:~5,2%%Date:~8,2%%hour%%Time:~3,2%%Time:~6,2%

echo %now%

:: 创建目录
if not exist %BACKUP_PATH% (
	mkdir %BACKUP_PATH% 2>nul
)

:: 数据库备份
for %%D in (%DATABASES%) do (
	echo 开始备份数据库 %%D ...
	if not exist %BACKUP_PATH%\%%D (
		mkdir %BACKUP_PATH%\%%D 2>nul
	)
	
	:: ******删除7天前的备份数据******
	echo 删除旧数据
	forfiles /p %BACKUP_PATH%\%%D /m *.sql -d -7 /c "cmd /c del /f @path"
	echo 备份
	"%MYSQL_HOME%mysqldump" -h%host% -P%port% -u%user% -p%pass% --skip-extended-insert --force --add-drop-database --triggers -R -E -c -B %%D > %BACKUP_PATH%\%%D\%%D-%now%.sql 2>nul
)

创建完文件后，将其中的host、port、user、pass、DATABASES、BACKUP_PATH、MYSQL_HOME进行配置，然后使用windows的定时任务功能进行脚本文件的执行，备份文件。

2、linux

#!/bin/bash
 
# 以下配置信息请自己修改
mysql_path="/usr/local/mysql-8.0.20"
mysql_user="" #MySQL备份用户
mysql_password="" #MySQL备份用户的密码
mysql_host=""
mysql_port=""
mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
backup_db_arr=("empty") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
backup_location=/opt/mysql #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项可以保持默认，程序会自动创建文件夹
expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过期备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
expire_days=3 #过期时间天数 默认为三天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效
 
# 本行开始以下不需要修改
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` #定义备份详细时间
backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天之前的日期
backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd #备份文件夹全路径
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语
 
# 判断MYSQL是否启动,mysql没有启动则备份退出
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo $welcome_msg
fi
 
# 连接到mysql数据库，无法连接则备份退出
mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
end
 
echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
# 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，如果定义则开始备份，否则退出备份
if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
#dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
#echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
do
echo "database $dbname backup start..."
`mkdir -p $backup_dir`
`$mysql_path/bin/mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password --skip-extended-insert --force --add-drop-database --triggers -R -E -c -B $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag == "0" ];then
echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
else
echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
fi
 
done
else
echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
exit
fi
# 如果开启了删除过期备份，则进行删除操作
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a "$backup_location" != "" ];then
#`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
`find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi
echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
exit
fi

修改脚本文件中的配置信息，然后使用linux定时器功能进行定时备份。